Reemplazar signos diacríticos en Javascript

Question

¿Cómo puedo reemplazar diacríticos (ă, ş, ţ etc) con su forma "normal" (a, s, t) en javascript?

Answer 1

Si desea hacerlo completamente en el lado del cliente, creo que su única opción es con algún tipo de tabla de búsqueda. Aquí hay un punto de partida, escrito por un tipo llamado Olavi Ivask en su blog ...

function replaceDiacritics(s) 
{ 
    var s; 

    var diacritics =[ 
     /[\300-\306]/g, /[\340-\346]/g, // A, a 
     /[\310-\313]/g, /[\350-\353]/g, // E, e 
     /[\314-\317]/g, /[\354-\357]/g, // I, i 
     /[\322-\330]/g, /[\362-\370]/g, // O, o 
     /[\331-\334]/g, /[\371-\374]/g, // U, u 
     /[\321]/g, /[\361]/g, // N, n 
     /[\307]/g, /[\347]/g, // C, c 
    ]; 

    var chars = ['A','a','E','e','I','i','O','o','U','u','N','n','C','c']; 

    for (var i = 0; i < diacritics.length; i++) 
    { 
     s = s.replace(diacritics[i],chars[i]); 
    } 

    document.write(s); 
} 

Usted puede ver que esto es simplemente un conjunto de expresiones regulares para caracteres diacríticos conocidos, la cartografía de ellos de nuevo en un carácter "normal".

Answer 2

Se necesitaría un mapa de conversión, algo como esto:

function removeAccents(str) { 
    var convMap = { 
     "ă" : "a", 
     "ş" : "s", 
     "ţ" : "t" 
    } 
    for (var i in convMap) { 
     str = str.replace(new RegExp(i, "g"), convMap[i]); 
    } 
    return str; 
} 

O si tiene acceso a iconv en su caja, tal vez podría utilizar algo de llamadas Ajax para eliminar los acentos con el parámetro de iconv // TRANSLIT .

Answer 3

Una modificación simple al guión de Paul. Extender la cadena a objetos

String.prototype.removeDiacritics = function() { 
    var diacritics = [ 
     [/[\300-\306]/g, 'A'], 
     [/[\340-\346]/g, 'a'], 
     [/[\310-\313]/g, 'E'], 
     [/[\350-\353]/g, 'e'], 
     [/[\314-\317]/g, 'I'], 
     [/[\354-\357]/g, 'i'], 
     [/[\322-\330]/g, 'O'], 
     [/[\362-\370]/g, 'o'], 
     [/[\331-\334]/g, 'U'], 
     [/[\371-\374]/g, 'u'], 
     [/[\321]/g, 'N'], 
     [/[\361]/g, 'n'], 
     [/[\307]/g, 'C'], 
     [/[\347]/g, 'c'], 
    ]; 
    var s = this; 
    for (var i = 0; i < diacritics.length; i++) { 
     s = s.replace(diacritics[i][0], diacritics[i][1]); 
    } 
    return s; 
} 

Ahora se puede hacer:

var wrongString = "hëllô"; 
alert(wrongString.removeDiacritics()); // alerts "hello" 

Answer 4

Una versión más completa con los casos sensibles de apoyo, ligaduras y otras cosas. Fuente original en: http://lehelk.com/2011/05/06/script-to-remove-diacritics/

var defaultDiacriticsRemovalMap = [ 
    {'base':'A', 'letters':/[\u0041\u24B6\uFF21\u00C0\u00C1\u00C2\u1EA6\u1EA4\u1EAA\u1EA8\u00C3\u0100\u0102\u1EB0\u1EAE\u1EB4\u1EB2\u0226\u01E0\u00C4\u01DE\u1EA2\u00C5\u01FA\u01CD\u0200\u0202\u1EA0\u1EAC\u1EB6\u1E00\u0104\u023A\u2C6F]/g}, 
    {'base':'AA','letters':/[\uA732]/g}, 
    {'base':'AE','letters':/[\u00C6\u01FC\u01E2]/g}, 
    {'base':'AO','letters':/[\uA734]/g}, 
    {'base':'AU','letters':/[\uA736]/g}, 
    {'base':'AV','letters':/[\uA738\uA73A]/g}, 
    {'base':'AY','letters':/[\uA73C]/g}, 
    {'base':'B', 'letters':/[\u0042\u24B7\uFF22\u1E02\u1E04\u1E06\u0243\u0182\u0181]/g}, 
    {'base':'C', 'letters':/[\u0043\u24B8\uFF23\u0106\u0108\u010A\u010C\u00C7\u1E08\u0187\u023B\uA73E]/g}, 
    {'base':'D', 'letters':/[\u0044\u24B9\uFF24\u1E0A\u010E\u1E0C\u1E10\u1E12\u1E0E\u0110\u018B\u018A\u0189\uA779]/g}, 
    {'base':'DZ','letters':/[\u01F1\u01C4]/g}, 
    {'base':'Dz','letters':/[\u01F2\u01C5]/g}, 
    {'base':'E', 'letters':/[\u0045\u24BA\uFF25\u00C8\u00C9\u00CA\u1EC0\u1EBE\u1EC4\u1EC2\u1EBC\u0112\u1E14\u1E16\u0114\u0116\u00CB\u1EBA\u011A\u0204\u0206\u1EB8\u1EC6\u0228\u1E1C\u0118\u1E18\u1E1A\u0190\u018E]/g}, 
    {'base':'F', 'letters':/[\u0046\u24BB\uFF26\u1E1E\u0191\uA77B]/g}, 
    {'base':'G', 'letters':/[\u0047\u24BC\uFF27\u01F4\u011C\u1E20\u011E\u0120\u01E6\u0122\u01E4\u0193\uA7A0\uA77D\uA77E]/g}, 
    {'base':'H', 'letters':/[\u0048\u24BD\uFF28\u0124\u1E22\u1E26\u021E\u1E24\u1E28\u1E2A\u0126\u2C67\u2C75\uA78D]/g}, 
    {'base':'I', 'letters':/[\u0049\u24BE\uFF29\u00CC\u00CD\u00CE\u0128\u012A\u012C\u0130\u00CF\u1E2E\u1EC8\u01CF\u0208\u020A\u1ECA\u012E\u1E2C\u0197]/g}, 
    {'base':'J', 'letters':/[\u004A\u24BF\uFF2A\u0134\u0248]/g}, 
    {'base':'K', 'letters':/[\u004B\u24C0\uFF2B\u1E30\u01E8\u1E32\u0136\u1E34\u0198\u2C69\uA740\uA742\uA744\uA7A2]/g}, 
    {'base':'L', 'letters':/[\u004C\u24C1\uFF2C\u013F\u0139\u013D\u1E36\u1E38\u013B\u1E3C\u1E3A\u0141\u023D\u2C62\u2C60\uA748\uA746\uA780]/g}, 
    {'base':'LJ','letters':/[\u01C7]/g}, 
    {'base':'Lj','letters':/[\u01C8]/g}, 
    {'base':'M', 'letters':/[\u004D\u24C2\uFF2D\u1E3E\u1E40\u1E42\u2C6E\u019C]/g}, 
    {'base':'N', 'letters':/[\u004E\u24C3\uFF2E\u01F8\u0143\u00D1\u1E44\u0147\u1E46\u0145\u1E4A\u1E48\u0220\u019D\uA790\uA7A4]/g}, 
    {'base':'NJ','letters':/[\u01CA]/g}, 
    {'base':'Nj','letters':/[\u01CB]/g}, 
    {'base':'O', 'letters':/[\u004F\u24C4\uFF2F\u00D2\u00D3\u00D4\u1ED2\u1ED0\u1ED6\u1ED4\u00D5\u1E4C\u022C\u1E4E\u014C\u1E50\u1E52\u014E\u022E\u0230\u00D6\u022A\u1ECE\u0150\u01D1\u020C\u020E\u01A0\u1EDC\u1EDA\u1EE0\u1EDE\u1EE2\u1ECC\u1ED8\u01EA\u01EC\u00D8\u01FE\u0186\u019F\uA74A\uA74C]/g}, 
    {'base':'OI','letters':/[\u01A2]/g}, 
    {'base':'OO','letters':/[\uA74E]/g}, 
    {'base':'OU','letters':/[\u0222]/g}, 
    {'base':'P', 'letters':/[\u0050\u24C5\uFF30\u1E54\u1E56\u01A4\u2C63\uA750\uA752\uA754]/g}, 
    {'base':'Q', 'letters':/[\u0051\u24C6\uFF31\uA756\uA758\u024A]/g}, 
    {'base':'R', 'letters':/[\u0052\u24C7\uFF32\u0154\u1E58\u0158\u0210\u0212\u1E5A\u1E5C\u0156\u1E5E\u024C\u2C64\uA75A\uA7A6\uA782]/g}, 
    {'base':'S', 'letters':/[\u0053\u24C8\uFF33\u1E9E\u015A\u1E64\u015C\u1E60\u0160\u1E66\u1E62\u1E68\u0218\u015E\u2C7E\uA7A8\uA784]/g}, 
    {'base':'T', 'letters':/[\u0054\u24C9\uFF34\u1E6A\u0164\u1E6C\u021A\u0162\u1E70\u1E6E\u0166\u01AC\u01AE\u023E\uA786]/g}, 
    {'base':'TZ','letters':/[\uA728]/g}, 
    {'base':'U', 'letters':/[\u0055\u24CA\uFF35\u00D9\u00DA\u00DB\u0168\u1E78\u016A\u1E7A\u016C\u00DC\u01DB\u01D7\u01D5\u01D9\u1EE6\u016E\u0170\u01D3\u0214\u0216\u01AF\u1EEA\u1EE8\u1EEE\u1EEC\u1EF0\u1EE4\u1E72\u0172\u1E76\u1E74\u0244]/g}, 
    {'base':'V', 'letters':/[\u0056\u24CB\uFF36\u1E7C\u1E7E\u01B2\uA75E\u0245]/g}, 
    {'base':'VY','letters':/[\uA760]/g}, 
    {'base':'W', 'letters':/[\u0057\u24CC\uFF37\u1E80\u1E82\u0174\u1E86\u1E84\u1E88\u2C72]/g}, 
    {'base':'X', 'letters':/[\u0058\u24CD\uFF38\u1E8A\u1E8C]/g}, 
    {'base':'Y', 'letters':/[\u0059\u24CE\uFF39\u1EF2\u00DD\u0176\u1EF8\u0232\u1E8E\u0178\u1EF6\u1EF4\u01B3\u024E\u1EFE]/g}, 
    {'base':'Z', 'letters':/[\u005A\u24CF\uFF3A\u0179\u1E90\u017B\u017D\u1E92\u1E94\u01B5\u0224\u2C7F\u2C6B\uA762]/g}, 
    {'base':'a', 'letters':/[\u0061\u24D0\uFF41\u1E9A\u00E0\u00E1\u00E2\u1EA7\u1EA5\u1EAB\u1EA9\u00E3\u0101\u0103\u1EB1\u1EAF\u1EB5\u1EB3\u0227\u01E1\u00E4\u01DF\u1EA3\u00E5\u01FB\u01CE\u0201\u0203\u1EA1\u1EAD\u1EB7\u1E01\u0105\u2C65\u0250]/g}, 
    {'base':'aa','letters':/[\uA733]/g}, 
    {'base':'ae','letters':/[\u00E6\u01FD\u01E3]/g}, 
    {'base':'ao','letters':/[\uA735]/g}, 
    {'base':'au','letters':/[\uA737]/g}, 
    {'base':'av','letters':/[\uA739\uA73B]/g}, 
    {'base':'ay','letters':/[\uA73D]/g}, 
    {'base':'b', 'letters':/[\u0062\u24D1\uFF42\u1E03\u1E05\u1E07\u0180\u0183\u0253]/g}, 
    {'base':'c', 'letters':/[\u0063\u24D2\uFF43\u0107\u0109\u010B\u010D\u00E7\u1E09\u0188\u023C\uA73F\u2184]/g}, 
    {'base':'d', 'letters':/[\u0064\u24D3\uFF44\u1E0B\u010F\u1E0D\u1E11\u1E13\u1E0F\u0111\u018C\u0256\u0257\uA77A]/g}, 
    {'base':'dz','letters':/[\u01F3\u01C6]/g}, 
    {'base':'e', 'letters':/[\u0065\u24D4\uFF45\u00E8\u00E9\u00EA\u1EC1\u1EBF\u1EC5\u1EC3\u1EBD\u0113\u1E15\u1E17\u0115\u0117\u00EB\u1EBB\u011B\u0205\u0207\u1EB9\u1EC7\u0229\u1E1D\u0119\u1E19\u1E1B\u0247\u025B\u01DD]/g}, 
    {'base':'f', 'letters':/[\u0066\u24D5\uFF46\u1E1F\u0192\uA77C]/g}, 
    {'base':'g', 'letters':/[\u0067\u24D6\uFF47\u01F5\u011D\u1E21\u011F\u0121\u01E7\u0123\u01E5\u0260\uA7A1\u1D79\uA77F]/g}, 
    {'base':'h', 'letters':/[\u0068\u24D7\uFF48\u0125\u1E23\u1E27\u021F\u1E25\u1E29\u1E2B\u1E96\u0127\u2C68\u2C76\u0265]/g}, 
    {'base':'hv','letters':/[\u0195]/g}, 
    {'base':'i', 'letters':/[\u0069\u24D8\uFF49\u00EC\u00ED\u00EE\u0129\u012B\u012D\u00EF\u1E2F\u1EC9\u01D0\u0209\u020B\u1ECB\u012F\u1E2D\u0268\u0131]/g}, 
    {'base':'j', 'letters':/[\u006A\u24D9\uFF4A\u0135\u01F0\u0249]/g}, 
    {'base':'k', 'letters':/[\u006B\u24DA\uFF4B\u1E31\u01E9\u1E33\u0137\u1E35\u0199\u2C6A\uA741\uA743\uA745\uA7A3]/g}, 
    {'base':'l', 'letters':/[\u006C\u24DB\uFF4C\u0140\u013A\u013E\u1E37\u1E39\u013C\u1E3D\u1E3B\u017F\u0142\u019A\u026B\u2C61\uA749\uA781\uA747]/g}, 
    {'base':'lj','letters':/[\u01C9]/g}, 
    {'base':'m', 'letters':/[\u006D\u24DC\uFF4D\u1E3F\u1E41\u1E43\u0271\u026F]/g}, 
    {'base':'n', 'letters':/[\u006E\u24DD\uFF4E\u01F9\u0144\u00F1\u1E45\u0148\u1E47\u0146\u1E4B\u1E49\u019E\u0272\u0149\uA791\uA7A5]/g}, 
    {'base':'nj','letters':/[\u01CC]/g}, 
    {'base':'o', 'letters':/[\u006F\u24DE\uFF4F\u00F2\u00F3\u00F4\u1ED3\u1ED1\u1ED7\u1ED5\u00F5\u1E4D\u022D\u1E4F\u014D\u1E51\u1E53\u014F\u022F\u0231\u00F6\u022B\u1ECF\u0151\u01D2\u020D\u020F\u01A1\u1EDD\u1EDB\u1EE1\u1EDF\u1EE3\u1ECD\u1ED9\u01EB\u01ED\u00F8\u01FF\u0254\uA74B\uA74D\u0275]/g}, 
    {'base':'oi','letters':/[\u01A3]/g}, 
    {'base':'ou','letters':/[\u0223]/g}, 
    {'base':'oo','letters':/[\uA74F]/g}, 
    {'base':'p','letters':/[\u0070\u24DF\uFF50\u1E55\u1E57\u01A5\u1D7D\uA751\uA753\uA755]/g}, 
    {'base':'q','letters':/[\u0071\u24E0\uFF51\u024B\uA757\uA759]/g}, 
    {'base':'r','letters':/[\u0072\u24E1\uFF52\u0155\u1E59\u0159\u0211\u0213\u1E5B\u1E5D\u0157\u1E5F\u024D\u027D\uA75B\uA7A7\uA783]/g}, 
    {'base':'s','letters':/[\u0073\u24E2\uFF53\u00DF\u015B\u1E65\u015D\u1E61\u0161\u1E67\u1E63\u1E69\u0219\u015F\u023F\uA7A9\uA785\u1E9B]/g}, 
    {'base':'t','letters':/[\u0074\u24E3\uFF54\u1E6B\u1E97\u0165\u1E6D\u021B\u0163\u1E71\u1E6F\u0167\u01AD\u0288\u2C66\uA787]/g}, 
    {'base':'tz','letters':/[\uA729]/g}, 
    {'base':'u','letters':/[\u0075\u24E4\uFF55\u00F9\u00FA\u00FB\u0169\u1E79\u016B\u1E7B\u016D\u00FC\u01DC\u01D8\u01D6\u01DA\u1EE7\u016F\u0171\u01D4\u0215\u0217\u01B0\u1EEB\u1EE9\u1EEF\u1EED\u1EF1\u1EE5\u1E73\u0173\u1E77\u1E75\u0289]/g}, 
    {'base':'v','letters':/[\u0076\u24E5\uFF56\u1E7D\u1E7F\u028B\uA75F\u028C]/g}, 
    {'base':'vy','letters':/[\uA761]/g}, 
    {'base':'w','letters':/[\u0077\u24E6\uFF57\u1E81\u1E83\u0175\u1E87\u1E85\u1E98\u1E89\u2C73]/g}, 
    {'base':'x','letters':/[\u0078\u24E7\uFF58\u1E8B\u1E8D]/g}, 
    {'base':'y','letters':/[\u0079\u24E8\uFF59\u1EF3\u00FD\u0177\u1EF9\u0233\u1E8F\u00FF\u1EF7\u1E99\u1EF5\u01B4\u024F\u1EFF]/g}, 
    {'base':'z','letters':/[\u007A\u24E9\uFF5A\u017A\u1E91\u017C\u017E\u1E93\u1E95\u01B6\u0225\u0240\u2C6C\uA763]/g} 
]; 
var changes; 
function removeDiacritics (str) { 
    if(!changes) { 
     changes = defaultDiacriticsRemovalMap; 
    } 
    for(var i=0; i<changes.length; i++) { 
     str = str.replace(changes[i].letters, changes[i].base); 
    } 
    return str; 
} 

Answer 5

he portado el filtro plegable Apache Lucene ASCII a JavaScript. Puede reemplazar muchos caracteres Unicode (incluidos signos diacríticos) en formularios base ASCII.

puede encontrar el puerto en https://github.com/mplatt/fold-to-ascii-js

Después de la integración de la biblioteca se podía doblar las cuerdas de esa manera:

foldToASCII("ăşţ"); 

lo que resultaría en ast.

Answer 6

Considere siguiente sintaxis, donde cada símbolo de valor será reemplazado con el mismo de símbolo de llave (mayúsculas y minúsculas)

var diacritics = { 
    a: 'ÀÁÂÃÄÅàáâãäåĀāąĄ', 
    c: 'ÇçćĆčČ', 
    d: 'đĐďĎ', 
    e: 'ÈÉÊËèéêëěĚĒēęĘ', 
    i: 'ÌÍÎÏìíîïĪī', 
    l: 'łŁ', 
    n: 'ÑñňŇńŃ', 
    o: 'ÒÓÔÕÕÖØòóôõöøŌō', 
    r: 'řŘ', 
    s: 'ŠšśŚ', 
    t: 'ťŤ', 
    u: 'ÙÚÛÜùúûüůŮŪū', 
    y: 'ŸÿýÝ', 
    z: 'ŽžżŻźŹ' 
} 

function replaceDiacritics(text) { 
    for(var toLetter in diacritics) if(diacritics.hasOwnProperty(toLetter)) { 
    for(var i = 0, ii = diacritics[toLetter].length, fromLetter, toCaseLetter; i < ii; i++) { 
     fromLetter = diacritics[toLetter][i]; 
     if(text.indexOf(fromLetter) < 0) continue; 
     toCaseLetter = fromLetter == fromLetter.toUpperCase() ? toLetter.toUpperCase() : toLetter; 
     text = text.replace(new RegExp(fromLetter, 'g'), toCaseLetter); 
    } 
    } 
    return text; 
} 

replaceDiacritics('ŁÁŘŠÓÑ'); // LARSON 
replaceDiacritics('Łąřśøń'); // Larson 

Answer 7

Este método es un refactor de la primera respuesta.

function replaceDiacritics(str){ 

    var diacritics = [ 
    {char: 'A', base: /[\300-\306]/g}, 
    {char: 'a', base: /[\340-\346]/g}, 
    {char: 'E', base: /[\310-\313]/g}, 
    {char: 'e', base: /[\350-\353]/g}, 
    {char: 'I', base: /[\314-\317]/g}, 
    {char: 'i', base: /[\354-\357]/g}, 
    {char: 'O', base: /[\322-\330]/g}, 
    {char: 'o', base: /[\362-\370]/g}, 
    {char: 'U', base: /[\331-\334]/g}, 
    {char: 'u', base: /[\371-\374]/g}, 
    {char: 'N', base: /[\321]/g}, 
    {char: 'n', base: /[\361]/g}, 
    {char: 'C', base: /[\307]/g}, 
    {char: 'c', base: /[\347]/g} 
    ] 

    diacritics.forEach(function(letter){ 
    str = str.replace(letter.base, letter.char); 
    }); 

    return str; 
}; 

Answer 8

En los navegadores modernos y Node.js puede utilizar unicode normalization para descomponer esos caracteres seguidos de una expresión regular filtrado.

str.normalize('NFD').replace(/[^\w]/g, '')

Si desea permitir caracteres tales como espacios en blanco, guiones, etc. Se debe extender la expresión regular para permitir a ellos.

str.normalize('NFD').replace(/[^\w\s.-_\/]/g, '')

var str = 'áàâäãéèëêíìïîóòöôõúùüûñçăşţ'; 
 
var asciiStr = str.normalize('NFD').replace(/[^\w]/g, ''); 
 
console.info(str, asciiStr);