Implementación de SHA-256 en Python

Question

Estoy buscando una implementación de la función de hash SHA-256 escrita en Python. Quiero usarlo para tener una mejor comprensión de cómo funciona la función SHA-256, y creo que Python es el lenguaje ideal para esto. El pseudocódigo tiene la limitación de que no puedo ejecutarlo/probarlo, para ver qué hacen mis modificaciones del código en la salida.

Answer 1

La fuente de PyPy contiene una implementación de python puro de SHA-256 here. Buscando en ese directorio, probablemente también encontrará implementaciones de python puro de otros hashes estándar.

Answer 2

Traducir http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-2#SHA-256_.28a_SHA-2_variant.29_pseudocode a Python debe ser sencillo.

Answer 3

initial_hash_values=[ 
'6a09e667','bb67ae85','3c6ef372','a54ff53a', 
'510e527f','9b05688c','1f83d9ab','5be0cd19' 
] 

sha_256_constants=[ 
'428a2f98','71374491','b5c0fbcf','e9b5dba5', 
'3956c25b','59f111f1','923f82a4','ab1c5ed5', 
'd807aa98','12835b01','243185be','550c7dc3', 
'72be5d74','80deb1fe','9bdc06a7','c19bf174', 
'e49b69c1','efbe4786','0fc19dc6','240ca1cc', 
'2de92c6f','4a7484aa','5cb0a9dc','76f988da', 
'983e5152','a831c66d','b00327c8','bf597fc7', 
'c6e00bf3','d5a79147','06ca6351','14292967', 
'27b70a85','2e1b2138','4d2c6dfc','53380d13', 
'650a7354','766a0abb','81c2c92e','92722c85', 
'a2bfe8a1','a81a664b','c24b8b70','c76c51a3', 
'd192e819','d6990624','f40e3585','106aa070', 
'19a4c116','1e376c08','2748774c','34b0bcb5', 
'391c0cb3','4ed8aa4a','5b9cca4f','682e6ff3', 
'748f82ee','78a5636f','84c87814','8cc70208', 
'90befffa','a4506ceb','bef9a3f7','c67178f2' 
] 

def bin_return(dec): 
    return(str(format(dec,'b'))) 

def bin_8bit(dec): 
    return(str(format(dec,'08b'))) 

def bin_32bit(dec): 
    return(str(format(dec,'032b'))) 

def bin_64bit(dec): 
    return(str(format(dec,'064b'))) 

def hex_return(dec): 
    return(str(format(dec,'x'))) 

def dec_return_bin(bin_string): 
    return(int(bin_string,2)) 

def dec_return_hex(hex_string): 
    return(int(hex_string,16)) 

def L_P(SET,n): 
    to_return=[] 
    j=0 
    k=n 
    while k<len(SET)+1: 
     to_return.append(SET[j:k]) 
     j=k 
     k+=n 
    return(to_return) 

def s_l(bit_string): 
    bit_list=[] 
    for i in range(len(bit_string)): 
     bit_list.append(bit_string[i]) 
    return(bit_list) 

def l_s(bit_list): 
    bit_string='' 
    for i in range(len(bit_list)): 
     bit_string+=bit_list[i] 
    return(bit_string) 

def rotate_right(bit_string,n): 
    bit_list = s_l(bit_string) 
    count=0 
    while count <= n-1: 
     list_main=list(bit_list) 
     var_0=list_main.pop(-1) 
     list_main=list([var_0]+list_main) 
     bit_list=list(list_main) 
     count+=1 
    return(l_s(list_main)) 

def shift_right(bit_string,n): 
    bit_list=s_l(bit_string) 
    count=0 
    while count <= n-1: 
     bit_list.pop(-1) 
     count+=1 
    front_append=['0']*n 
    return(l_s(front_append+bit_list)) 

def mod_32_addition(input_set): 
    value=0 
    for i in range(len(input_set)): 
     value+=input_set[i] 
    mod_32 = 4294967296 
    return(value%mod_32) 

def xor_2str(bit_string_1,bit_string_2): 
    xor_list=[] 
    for i in range(len(bit_string_1)): 
     if bit_string_1[i]=='0' and bit_string_2[i]=='0': 
      xor_list.append('0') 
     if bit_string_1[i]=='1' and bit_string_2[i]=='1': 
      xor_list.append('0') 
     if bit_string_1[i]=='0' and bit_string_2[i]=='1': 
      xor_list.append('1') 
     if bit_string_1[i]=='1' and bit_string_2[i]=='0': 
      xor_list.append('1') 
    return(l_s(xor_list)) 

def and_2str(bit_string_1,bit_string_2): 
    and_list=[] 
    for i in range(len(bit_string_1)): 
     if bit_string_1[i]=='1' and bit_string_2[i]=='1': 
      and_list.append('1') 
     else: 
      and_list.append('0') 

    return(l_s(and_list)) 

def or_2str(bit_string_1,bit_string_2): 
    or_list=[] 
    for i in range(len(bit_string_1)): 
     if bit_string_1[i]=='0' and bit_string_2[i]=='0': 
      or_list.append('0') 
     else: 
      or_list.append('1') 
    return(l_s(or_list)) 

def not_str(bit_string): 
    not_list=[] 
    for i in range(len(bit_string)): 
     if bit_string[i]=='0': 
      not_list.append('1') 
     else: 
      not_list.append('0') 
    return(l_s(not_list)) 

''' 
SHA-256 Specific Functions: 
''' 

def Ch(x,y,z): 
    return(xor_2str(and_2str(x,y),and_2str(not_str(x),z))) 

def Maj(x,y,z): 
    return(xor_2str(xor_2str(and_2str(x,y),and_2str(x,z)),and_2str(y,z))) 

def e_0(x): 
    return(xor_2str(xor_2str(rotate_right(x,2),rotate_right(x,13)),rotate_right(x,22))) 

def e_1(x): 
    return(xor_2str(xor_2str(rotate_right(x,6),rotate_right(x,11)),rotate_right(x,25))) 

def s_0(x): 
    return(xor_2str(xor_2str(rotate_right(x,7),rotate_right(x,18)),shift_right(x,3))) 

def s_1(x): 
    return(xor_2str(xor_2str(rotate_right(x,17),rotate_right(x,19)),shift_right(x,10))) 

def message_pad(bit_list): 
    pad_one = bit_list + '1' 
    pad_len = len(pad_one) 
    k=0 
    while ((pad_len+k)-448)%512 != 0: 
     k+=1 
    back_append_0 = '0'*k 
    back_append_1 = bin_64bit(len(bit_list)) 
    return(pad_one+back_append_0+back_append_1) 

def message_bit_return(string_input): 
    bit_list=[] 
    for i in range(len(string_input)): 
     bit_list.append(bin_8bit(ord(string_input[i]))) 
    return(l_s(bit_list)) 

def message_pre_pro(input_string): 
    bit_main = message_bit_return(input_string) 
    return(message_pad(bit_main)) 

def message_parsing(input_string): 
    return(L_P(message_pre_pro(input_string),32)) 

def message_schedule(index,w_t): 
    new_word = bin_32bit(mod_32_addition([int(s_1(w_t[index-2]),2),int(w_t[index-7],2),int(s_0(w_t[index-15]),2),int(w_t[index-16],2)])) 
    return(new_word) 

''' 
This example of SHA_256 works for an input string <56 characters. 
''' 

def sha_256(input_string): 
    w_t=message_parsing(input_string) 
    a=bin_32bit(dec_return_hex(initial_hash_values[0])) 
    b=bin_32bit(dec_return_hex(initial_hash_values[1])) 
    c=bin_32bit(dec_return_hex(initial_hash_values[2])) 
    d=bin_32bit(dec_return_hex(initial_hash_values[3])) 
    e=bin_32bit(dec_return_hex(initial_hash_values[4])) 
    f=bin_32bit(dec_return_hex(initial_hash_values[5])) 
    g=bin_32bit(dec_return_hex(initial_hash_values[6])) 
    h=bin_32bit(dec_return_hex(initial_hash_values[7])) 
    for i in range(0,64): 
     if i <= 15: 
      t_1=mod_32_addition([int(h,2),int(e_1(e),2),int(Ch(e,f,g),2),int(sha_256_constants[i],16),int(w_t[i],2)]) 
      t_2=mod_32_addition([int(e_0(a),2),int(Maj(a,b,c),2)]) 
      h=g 
      g=f 
      f=e 
      e=mod_32_addition([int(d,2),t_1]) 
      d=c 
      c=b 
      b=a 
      a=mod_32_addition([t_1,t_2]) 
      a=bin_32bit(a) 
      e=bin_32bit(e) 
     if i > 15: 
      w_t.append(message_schedule(i,w_t)) 
      t_1=mod_32_addition([int(h,2),int(e_1(e),2),int(Ch(e,f,g),2),int(sha_256_constants[i],16),int(w_t[i],2)]) 
      t_2=mod_32_addition([int(e_0(a),2),int(Maj(a,b,c),2)]) 
      h=g 
      g=f 
      f=e 
      e=mod_32_addition([int(d,2),t_1]) 
      d=c 
      c=b 
      b=a 
      a=mod_32_addition([t_1,t_2]) 
      a=bin_32bit(a) 
      e=bin_32bit(e) 
    hash_0 = mod_32_addition([dec_return_hex(initial_hash_values[0]),int(a,2)]) 
    hash_1 = mod_32_addition([dec_return_hex(initial_hash_values[1]),int(b,2)]) 
    hash_2 = mod_32_addition([dec_return_hex(initial_hash_values[2]),int(c,2)]) 
    hash_3 = mod_32_addition([dec_return_hex(initial_hash_values[3]),int(d,2)]) 
    hash_4 = mod_32_addition([dec_return_hex(initial_hash_values[4]),int(e,2)]) 
    hash_5 = mod_32_addition([dec_return_hex(initial_hash_values[5]),int(f,2)]) 
    hash_6 = mod_32_addition([dec_return_hex(initial_hash_values[6]),int(g,2)]) 
    hash_7 = mod_32_addition([dec_return_hex(initial_hash_values[7]),int(h,2)]) 
    final_hash = (hex_return(hash_0), 
        hex_return(hash_1), 
        hex_return(hash_2), 
        hex_return(hash_3), 
        hex_return(hash_4), 
        hex_return(hash_5), 
        hex_return(hash_6), 
        hex_return(hash_7)) 
    return(final_hash)